中华绒螯蟹、日本绒螯蟹及其杂交种成体主要矿物质元素含量比较

Comparative study on major mineral contents among three mitten crab populations: Eriocheir sinensis, E. japonica and their hybrids

研究了中华绒螯蟹、日本绒螯蟹及其杂交种成体肌肉、性腺和肝胰腺中的主要矿物质元素组成及含量,结果显示:(1)3种群绒螯蟹雄体肌肉中,K、P和Zn的含量无显著差异;中华绒螯蟹的Na、Mg和Cu含量显著高于其他两种,但Mn和Fe含量最低;日本绒螯蟹肌肉中的Ca含量最低。就精巢而言,3种群蟹精巢中的Na和Mg含量无显著差异;日本绒螯蟹的Mn和Fe含量最高,杂交种的K、P和Zn含量最低,而中华绒螯蟹的Ca和Cu含量最低。就肝胰腺而言,3种群蟹的Mg、Ca和P含量无显著差异;杂交蟹的Na、K和Mn含量显著高于其他两种蟹,但其Fe含量最低;中华绒螯蟹和日本绒螯蟹则分别具有最高的Cu和Zn含量。(2)3种群绒螯蟹雌体肌肉中,5种常量元素的含量均无显著差异;中华绒螯蟹的Cu、Zn和Mn元素含量最高,而日本绒螯蟹的上述微量元素含量最低。3种群绒螯蟹卵巢中的9种主要矿物质元素含量均存在显著差异,中华绒螯蟹卵巢中的Na、P、Mg和Zn含量高于其他种群,除杂交种的Na和中华绒螯蟹的K含量最低外,日本绒螯蟹卵巢中其他6种元素含量均最低。肝胰腺中,3种群绒螯蟹的矿物质整体含量排序为:日本绒螯蟹>中华绒螯蟹>杂交蟹。整体上,3种群绒螯蟹肌肉中的Na、Mg、Cu和Zn含量低于海水蟹类,但Ca、P和K含量高于大部分海水蟹;3种群绒螯蟹矿物质元素组成模式较为接近,但仍存在一定的种间差异。

This study compared the major mineral contents among three mitten crab populations： Eriocheir sinensis, E.japonica and their hybrids. The results showed as following：（1） For mineral contents in the muscle of adult male crabs,there were no significant differences on K, P and Zn contents among three mitten crab populations; E. sinensis had the highest Na, Mg and Cu contents, but had the lowest Mn and Fe contents among three populations, while E. japonica had the lowest content of Ca. For mineral contents in the testis, no significant difference was found on Na and Mg contents among three populations; the highest Mn and Fe contents of testis were found in E. japonica, and E. sinensis and hybrid crab had the lowest Ca, Cu and K, P, Zn contents, respectively. For mineral contents in the hepatopancreas, there was no significant difference for Mg, Ca and P contents among three mitten crab populations; the highest Na, K and Mn contents and the lowest Fe contents of hepatopancreas were found in hybrid crab, E. sinensis and E. japonica had the highest Cu and Zn contents, respectively.（2） For mineral contents in muscle of female crabs, there was no significant difference for the major elements among three mitten crab populations; E. sinensis had the highest levels of Cu, Zn and Mn in the muscle, and E. Japonica had the lowest contents of these trace elements. There were significant differences for all of nine mineral contents in ovaries among three populations. E. sinensis had the higher N, P,Mg and Zn contents than the other two populations; except for the lowest Na contents in hybrid crab and K contents in E. sinensis, respectively, the lowest levels of the other six elements were all found in E. japonica. For mineral contents in the hepatopancreas, the rank of general mineral contents among three mitten crab populations showed as following： E. japonica E. sinensis hybrid crab. In general, three mitten crab populations had the lower contents of Na, Mg, Cu and Zn, but the higher levels of Ca, P and K than most of marine crabs; although the pattern of mineral composition was similar for three mitten crab populations, there were species-specific for the contents of some elements among three populations.