脉冲雷达凝视模式下低轨碎片相对运动特征分析

Characteristics of Relative Movement of Low Orbit Debris in Stare Mode of Pulse Radars

脉冲雷达凝视模式是一种探测低轨小碎片的重要方式,其中低轨碎片与雷达的径向运动关系是碎片统计分析的基础。为推算碎片相对雷达的运动特征,基于坐标系的相互转换,先利用雷达测站信息,得到可见碎片在地惯坐标系下的轨道信息;再逆向将目标不同时刻的位置转换至测站坐标系下,得到目标的径向运动特征。在不同要素(雷达波束指向、雷达仰角、测站纬度、目标距离)下,仿真及对比分析了各个参数对速度模糊度、雷达可见性等的影响,得出在凝视模式下目标相对雷达近似做径向匀加速运动,这为后续试验工作提供有力的依据。

Stare mode of pulse radars is an important mode used to detect low orbit small size debris. The radial movement relationship between debris and radar is the foundation for statistical analysis of debris data. To get the relationship, the orbital elements of debris are calculated from radar measurements based on conversions among dif ferent coordinate systems. Then, the coordinates of different time are converted to the radar coordinate system and debris characterization is got. At different factors （radar beam pointing, radar elevation, latitude of measurement station and range to target）, the impact of different parameters on velocity ambiguity and radar visibility is simulated and compared. The conclusion is that objects in low orbit are in nearly even radial acceleration movement relative to radars in stare mode. The results provide a foundation for choosing parameters in follow on tests.