摘要
Brain injuries in sports drew more and more public attentions in recent years. Brain injuries vary by name, type, and severity in the athletic setting. It should be noted, however, that these injuries are not isolated to only the athletic arena, as non-athletic mechanisms （e.g., motor vehicle accidents） are more common causes of traumatic brain injuries （TBI） among teenagers. Notwithstanding, as many as 1.6 to 3.8 million TBI result from sports and recreation each year in the United States alone. These injuries are extremely costly to the global health care system, and make TBI among the most expensive conditions to treat in children. This article serves to define common brain injuries in sport; describe their prevalence, what happens to the brain following injury, how to recognize and manage these injuries, and what you can expect as the athlete recovers. Some return-to-activity considerations for the brain-injured athlete will also be discussed.
近年来,运动中的脑损伤日益引起公众关注。脑损伤在运动领域中名称、类型和严重程度各异。但应注意脑损伤并非仅限于运动领域,青少年中非运动性机制(如车祸)是导致外伤性脑损伤(TBI)更为常见的原因。尽管如此,仅美国每年就有多达160到380万例运动导致的TBI。这些损伤对全球卫生保健系统造成极大浪费,使TBI成为治疗最为昂贵的儿童疾病之一。本文旨在确定运动中常见的脑损伤,并描述其发病率、伤后大脑受到哪些影响、如何识别并处理这些损伤,以及能预期恢复至何种程度,还探讨一些针对脑损伤运动员的恢复活动。
