皖西农村地区留守村民心脑血管疾病影响因素探究

Study on the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in left-behind residents in rural western Anhui Province

目的 探究影响皖西农村地区留守村民心脑血管疾病患病的可能因素,为该地区制定心脑血管疾病防制策略提供科学依据。方法 随机整群抽样安徽六安市的3个乡镇共18个行政村的40~70岁留守居民。现场调查分为问卷和体格检查两个部分,问卷内容包括一般人口学特征、疾病史和生活习惯等内容;体格检查包括血压,血糖,身高和体重等内容;数据录入使用软件Epi Data 3.1,数据处理分析使用软件EXCEL 2007和SPSS 16.0,单因素分析采用X2检验,多因素分析采用多元Logistic回归。结果 共调查居民4 040人,单因素分析显示性别、年龄、肥胖、高血压、高血脂、饮酒史、醉酒史、饮食偏咸和常吃腌制食品对该人群心脑血管疾病的患病情况的影响有统计学意义;多因素分析结果显示年龄、高血压、高血脂、饮食偏咸、饮食不规律和常吃腌制食品是该人群心脑血管疾病的独立危险因素,患心脑血管疾病的风险随着危险因素个数的增多而增加。结论 心脑血管疾病发病一般是多种因素综合作用的结果,未来的研究需要重视对其他可能危险因素的探究。

Objective This study aimed at investigating possible risk factors influencing the prevalence of cardio- vascular diseases （CVD） of left-behind residents in rural Western Anhui, so as to provide evidence for CVD prevention and control. Methods By using Fluster sampling, residents aged 40 and 70 years old from 3 towns including 18 villages were chosen. The field investigations contained both questionnaire including demographic characteristics, medical history and living habits, and physical examination including blood pressure, blood glucose, height and weight. Epi Data 3. 1 was used for data entry and EXCEL 2007 was combined with SPSS 16.0 for data analysis. X2 test was used for univariate analysis and Logistic regression was utilized for multi-variable analysis. Results A total of 4 040 residents were investigated. Univariate analysis showed statistical significance of gender, age, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, drinking, drunkenness, salty diet in influencing the prevalence of CVD. Multi-variable analysis revealed that age., hypertension, hyperlipidemia, salty diet, irregular diet and pickledfood are independent risk factors of CVD. The risk of CVD rose with the number of risk factor increase. Conclusions CVD is determined by multiple factors, further studies should focus on investigating other possible risk factors.