尿路感染病原菌分布与耐药性监测

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing urinary tract infections

目的研究杭州某医院泌尿系统感染病原菌的分布及耐药性,为合理使用抗菌药物提供参考。方法对2012年1-12月尿液中分离出的1 055株病原菌进行分析,药敏分析仪为VETEK-2Compact,采用WHONET5.6软件对药敏试验结果进行统计分析。结果共分离出病原菌1 055株,其中革兰阴性菌624株占59.15%,革兰阳性285株占27.01%,真菌146株占13.84%;主要革兰阴性菌对氨苄西林耐药率较高,>71.00%,对亚胺培南较敏感,耐药率<17.00%,主要革兰阳性菌对万古霉素、利奈唑胺高度敏感,耐药率<7.00%,白色假丝酵母菌、热带假丝酵母菌和光滑假丝酵母对两性霉素B和氟胞嘧啶的耐药率均为0。结论革兰阴性菌是医院尿路感染的主要病原菌,病原菌药敏结果对临床合理用药具有重要意义。

OBJECTIVE To observe the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens causing urinary tract infections in a hospital of Hangzhou so as to provide guidance for reasonable use of antibiotics.METHODS From Jan 2012 to Dec 2012,a total of 1 055 strains of pathogens isolated from urine specimens were analyzed,then the drug suscep-tibility testing was performed by using VETEK-2 Compact drug susceptibility analysis system,and the results of the drug susceptibility testing were statistically analyzed with the use of WHONET 5.6 software.RESULTS Total-ly 1 055 strains of pathogens have been isolated,including 624 （59.15%）strains of gram-negative bacteria,285 （27.01%）strains of gram-positive bacteria,and 146 （13.84%）strains of fungi.The drug resistance rates of the main gram-negative bacteria to ampicillin were more than 71.00%,and the drug resistance rates to imipenem were less than 17.00%;the main gram-positive bacteria were highly susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid,with the drug resistance rates less than 7.00%;the drug resistance rates of the Candidaalbicans,Candidatropicalis,and Candida glabrata to amphotericin B and fluorocytosine were 0.CONCLUSION The gram-negative bacteria are the predominant pathogens causing urinary tract infections;it is of great significance to reasonably use antibiotics on the basis of the results of the drug susceptibility testing for the pathogens.