儿童呼吸道感染病原体IgM抗体检测结果分析

Detection of IgM antibodies in pathogens causing respiratory tract infections in children

目的了解杭州地区儿童呼吸道感染病原体构成及流行的季节特征,为临床有效防治提供依据。方法使用9种呼吸道病原体检测试剂检测门诊与住院患儿血清中呼吸道病原体,研究其检出情况及季节性变化。结果共检测2 119份标本,来源于2012年1-12月医院门诊和住院呼吸道感染患儿,呼吸道病原体抗体阳性患儿718例,感染率为33.9%;病原体感染率前5位的是肺炎支原体、腺病毒、呼吸道合胞病毒、肺炎衣原体和副流感病毒;春夏秋冬四季感染率分别为23.8%、38.5%、43.5%、38.1%;<1岁的患儿呼吸道病原体感染率高于其他年龄段,其阳性率最高的病原体是呼吸道合胞病毒;而在>1岁各年龄组中感染率最高的病原体是肺炎支原体。结论儿童在不同年龄、不同季节、呼吸道病原体的感染率各不相同,婴幼儿时期的感染率明显高于其他年龄段儿童,肺炎支原体和腺病毒是儿童呼吸道感染的最主要病原体,秋季尤其应注重预防感染。

OBJECTIVE To understand the distribution of pathogens causing respiratory tract infections in children in Hangzhou area and analyze the epidemiological characteristics in different seasons so as to provide guidance for effective clinical treatment.METHODS The respiratory tract pathogens in the serum of the children of outpatient and inpatient departments were detected by using nine detection reagents for respiratory tract pathogens,and the i-solation rate and the seasonal change of the distribution were observed.RESULTS A total of 2 1 1 9 samples were collected from the children with respiratory tract infections who were treated in outpatient department and were hospitalized from Jan 2012 to Dec 2012,and 718 children were tested positive for the respiratory tract pathogens, with the infection rate of 33.9%.The Mycoplasma pneumoniae, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, Chlamydia pneumoniae,and parainfluenza virus ranked the top 5 pathogens causing infections.The infection rate was 23.8% in spring,38.5% in summer,43.5% in autumn,38.1% in winter.The incidence of the respiratory tract infections was higher in the children aged less than 1 year old than in the children of other age groups,with the positive rate of the respiratory syncytial virus the highest;the incidence of the respiratory tract infections caused by M.pneumoniae was highest in the age groups more than 1 year old.CONCLUSION The incidence of the infections caused by the respiratory tract pathogens vary in the age and seasons.The infection rate is significantly higher in the infants than in the children of other age groups.The M.pneumoniae and adenovirus are the most common pathogens causing respiratory tract infections in the children.It is necessary to focus on the prevention of infections in autumn.