健康教育对南充市居民食管癌认知情况的影响

The effect of health education on knowledge on esophageal cancer of residents in Nanchong City

目的通过对食管癌高发地区居民进行健康教育，探讨该措施对食管癌认知情况的影响。方法通过逐级整群抽样方法，抽取南充市寒坡乡、四龙乡两个农村地区分别作为对照组和观察组，对照组不采取任何干预措施直接调查，观察组进行健康教育后再调查，调查结果采用描述性分析、t检验、卡方检验等进行统计学分析。结果对照组对食管癌知识的平均知晓率为52．3％，其中食管癌易患因素、食管癌预防措施、食管癌危害性三方面知识知晓率分别为50．9％、59．6％、46．6％；观察组对食管癌知识的平均知晓率为64．0％，吃过烫食物易患食管癌、吃饭太快易患食管癌、有效的预防可以减少食管癌的发生等知识点的知晓率明显高于对照组，两组比较差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论南充市居民对食管癌知识的知晓率还很低，进行健康教育，能提高当地居民对食管癌知识的知晓率，有利于提高对食管癌知识的了解、重视与防治。

Objective To promote residents＇ knowledge on esophageal cancer, we performed health education to residents in Nanchong City. Methods Residents from Hanpo and Silong of Nanchong City were divided into healthy education group and control group by multistage cluster sampling, and inquired after health education. The data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, t test and chi-square test. Results The awareness rate of esophageal cancer knowledge was 52.3% in control group, including 50.9% of risk factors of esophageal cancer, 59.6% of esophageal cancer prevention measures and 46.6% of esophageal damage; the awareness rate of esophageal cancer knowledge was 64.0% in health education group, among which it was significantly higher than that in control group, especially in esophageal cancer susceptible to hot food, esophageal cancer susceptible to eating too fast and reduction of the occurrence of esophageal cancer, with statistically significant differences between two groups （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Residents＇ esophageal cancer knowledge awareness is still poor in Nanchong city, so health education can improve their knowledge on esophageal cancer and is good for understanding and prevention of esophageal cancer.