花椒锈病发生规律与化学防治研究

Occurrence Regularity and Chemical Control of Pricklyash Rust

对陕西省凤县十里店和白石铺2地的花椒叶锈病分别进行了流行规律和化学防治研究。结果表明,花椒锈病在7月中下旬开始发病,8月份进入普发期,病情日增长速度（r）最高值达0.08,9月中旬发病达到最高峰,病情指数最大值达74.5,9月下旬至10月初,树冠病情指数明显下降,该锈病流行的时间动态Gompertz增长模型;花椒锈病病害流行程度与气象因子密切相关,夏末初秋高湿度、18-22℃气温有利于锈病流行。田间化学防治试验表明,15%三唑酮、43%戊唑醇2种药剂的平均防治效果分别达到78.9和76.82,对控制花椒锈病流行均起到显著效果。

The epidemic regularity and chemical control of pricklyash rust were investigated in Feng County of Shaanxi Province. The results showed that pricklyash rust initially occurred in mid to late July, developed into prevailing phase （highest r-value, 0.08） in August, reached up to peak （highest disease index reachs up to 74.5） in mid September, and the disease index significantly decreased in late September to early October. Temporal dynamic of epidemic of pricklyash rust accorded with Gompertz model. The rust epidemic was closely related to meteorological factors, e.g., temperature of 18℃-22℃ and higher humidity in late summer to early autumn were favorable to pricklyash rust epidemic. Field test indicated that the average control effects of 15% riadimefon and 43% tebuconazole were 78.9 and 76.8, respectively, implying that two fungicides had obvious control effect on pricklyash rust epidemic.