广州城市绿地植物群落空气负离子特征研究

Characteristics of Negative Air Ions in Different Plant Communities of Urban Green Space,Guangzhou

为探讨城市绿地植物群落差异对空气负离子特征的影响,研究了5种不同典型城市绿地植物群落:次生常绿阔叶林群落(SF)、人工改造常绿阔叶林群落(IF)、人工常绿阔叶景观林群落(CF)、人工稀树灌草群落(OF)、交通绿岛群落(TA)下空气负离子浓度及空气清洁度,并以缺乏绿色植被的火车站广场(RS)作为对照。结果表明,空气负离子浓度和空气清洁度在不同植物群落和时间段内存在显著差异(p<0.05)。其中,城市绿地植物群落中空气负离子浓度日变化普遍呈现双峰曲线;群落结构相对较为复杂的SF群落空气负离子浓度和空气清洁度最为优秀。总的来说,空气负离子浓度从大到小排序如下:SF>IF>CF>OF>RS>TA;而空气清洁度则为SF>CF>IF>OF>RS>TA;回归分析表明,大气相对湿度显著影响空气负离子浓度(R2=0.478,p<0.05)。

To explore the effects of different plant communities in urban green space on the characteristics of negative air ions, air qualities were measured in 5 typical plant communities： secondary evergreen broad-leaved forest （SF）, improved evergreen broad-leaved forest （IF）, planted evergreen broad-leaved plantscape forest （CF）, landscape communities with shrubs, herbaceous, and few arbor （OF）, traffic artery green （TA）, and a comparison site in railway station without any plants （RS）. The results showed that significantly different negative air ion concentrations and air qualities were found among different time and communities （p〈0.05）. Concentrations of negative air ions in the daytime in urban green space exhibited a bimodal curve. The SF communities with complex community structure had the highest concentrations of negative air ions and air quality within the community was the best. Generally, the negative air ion concentrations in different plant communities were in a descending order of SF〉IF〉CF〉OF〉RS〉TA, while the air qualities were SF〉CF〉IF〉OF〉RS〉TA. Regression analysis showed a significant effect of atmospheric relative humidity to negative air ion concentration （R^2=0.478,p〈0.05）.