黄土体稳流崩解仪的研制与应用

Development and Application of Loessal Disintegrating Instrument in Steady Flow

黄土斜(边)坡坡脚浸水常常诱发崩塌、滑坡灾害。为了探讨其崩塌机理,尝试研制定体积黄土体稳流崩解仪器,用于模拟黄土边坡在不同浸水条件(不同浸水深度、不同浸水方向、不同浸水范围)下的崩解全过程,获取崩解时间、过程、现象,得到黄土在不同浸水条件下的耐崩解系数、崩解速度与时间的关系,以指导黄土边坡灾害防治与研究。该仪器除具有成本低、占用空间小、操作灵活方便等特点外,还能有效限定模拟边界条件,模拟多种浸水—崩解状态;试样规格可依取样难易程度确定,调整方便;试样与崩解仪器合理协调,试验参数同步获取。运用此仪器对原状离石黄土进行了崩解试验,结果表明其具有一定的推广和应用价值。

The submerged toe of loess slope always causes the disasters of collapse and landslide. In order to investigate the mechanism of collapse,we tried to develop 'steady flow's disintegrating instrument of the constant volume of loess', simulated the whole process of disintegration of loess slope under the different conditions of submerging(including different submerging depths, different submerging direction and different submerging scope),obtained the time, process and phenomenon of disintegration and got the relation of coefficient of resistance disintegration,disintegrating speed and time under the different conditions of loess submerge for guiding the study on disaster of loess slope. Besides the features of low cost, small occupied space, flexible operation and convenience, the instrument could also effectively limit the boundary conditions, simulate a variety of state of submergence-disintegration. The sample size could be confirmed based on the difficult degree of sampling and adjustment was convenient. The sampling and the instrument could be reasonably coordinated and testing parameters could be obtained synchronously. It used the instrument to test the disintegration of undisturbed Lishi loess arid the results show that it has a certain values of popularization and application.