深圳红树林自然保护区海水重金属质量评价

Evaluation on the Seawater's Heavy Metals in Shenzhen Mangrove Nature Reserve

为保护红树林海域环境,改善海水质量,对深圳红树林自然保护区16个样点进行海水采集,样品通过MEICP41W测定Hg、Cd、As、Pb、Cu、Cr含量,并基于Hakanson指数法和倍斜率隶属函数聚类法评价海水质量.评价结果显示:深圳红树林自然保护区海水中Hg属于"极强生态危害元素",As属于"强生态危害元素",Cd属于"中等生态危害元素",Pb、Cu、Cr属于"轻微生态危害元素";海水整体上属于"很强生态危害"范畴,但以一类海水为主,部分靠近河涌排污口的样点为二类和四类海水;重金属主要来源于生活和工业废水,Pb、Cu、Cr、Cd共同的污染源来自调查区周边的合金制造厂和印刷厂;Hakanson指数法和倍斜率隶属函数聚类法对海水质量的评价结果相关性高,表明所采用的评价方法可行.该研究对深圳红树林自然保护区海域保护和海水重金属评价方法具有参考价值.

In order to protect the mangrove marine environment and improve seawater quality,16 seawater samples in Shenzhen Mangrove Nature Reserve were collected; and the samples were analyzed by ME-ICP41 W to test Hg,Cd,As,Pb,Cu,Cr. In addition,based on the Hakanson index,twice-sloping congregation was conducted to evaluate the seawater quality. Evaluation results show that Hg belongs to the＂extreme strong ecological harm element＂; As belongs to the ＂strong ecological harm element ＂; Cd belongs to the ＂medium ecological harm element＂; Pb,Cu and Cr belong to the ＂slight ecological harm element＂. As a whole,the seawater which is mainly composed of first class of seawater belongs to ＂strong ecological harm＂. The water comes from part of the flow nearing the outlet belongs to the second or fourth class of seawater. Heavy metals are mainly derived from sewage and industrial waste water; the common sources of Pb,Cu,Cr,Cd may be from alloy factory and printing factory around. The correlation of Hakanson index and twice-sloping congregation about the result is high. It shows that the methods adopted by the paper are feasible. The findings are helpful to protect Shenzhen Mangrove Nature Reserve and to evaluate seawater＇s heavy metal.