藕塘异位净化鱼塘水环境试验研究

Ex-situ Remediation of Fishpond Water Environment by Lotus Pond

为实现南方平原湖区养殖池塘水质改善和养分循环再利用,将养殖池塘和种植池塘通过田间工程联系起来构成一个复合系统,并进行了莲藕不同生育期的滞留和面流试验。结果表明,养殖水在藕塘滞留可有效消减其中的TP、TN、NH+4-N、NO-3-N、NO-2-N和CODMn,其去除率随滞留时间的延长而增加;鱼塘水通过藕塘表面流处理,对TP和TN的去除率表现为休眠期>成株期>结藕期,对NH+4-N、NO-3-N、NO-2-N和CODMn的去除率表现为成株期>休眠期>结藕期;在藕塘表面流处理鱼塘水时,TP、TN、NO-3-N、NH+4-N的去除率随运行时间的增加而增加,系统运行6h后去除率分别达到13.89%、11.43%、11.02%和5.73%;与对照鱼塘相比,与藕塘联合运用的鱼塘水质明显要好,其中TP、NO-3-N、TURB和SD等水质指标有极显著改善,TN、NH+4-N和CODMn等指标得到显著改善。鱼塘养殖和藕塘种植可以结合,鱼塘水通过藕塘异位处理可以得到改善,并使鱼塘水中养分得到再利用。

In order to realize water quality improvement for aquaculture pond and reuse of the nutrients in the plain-lake area of south China, a compound system was established which was constituted of aquacul- ture pond and plant purifying pond through necessary farmland works, and the experiments of water reten- tion and subsurface flow on the lotus pond were done in the several growth stages of lotus root. The re- sults showed that TP, TN, NH4＋ -N, NO3- N, NO2-- N and CODMn in aquaculture water might effec- tively reduce as the water stayed at lotus pond for a certain time, of which the reduction rates increased with the increase of retention period of the aquaculture water standing in lotus pond; when fishpond water was purified by surface flow in lotus pond, the reduction rates of TP and TN were both dormant stage- adult-plant stage.rooting stage, while the reduction rates of NH＋ --N, NO3- --N, NO2- --N and CODMn were both adult-plant stage.dormant stage.rooting stage; the more TP, TN, NO3 -N and NH4＋ --N were reduced with the increase of the running time when fishpond water processed by surface flow in lotus pond, whose reduction rates arrived to 13.89%, 11.43%, 11.02% and 5.73% separately after the system running for 6 hours. Compared with the contrast fishpond, the water quality of the fishpond combining with lotus pond was good obviously, TP, NO3--N, TURB（turbidity） and SD（water transparency） were significantly improved, meanwhile TN, NH4＋ --N and CODMn got a marked improvement. Aquaculture in fishpond and plantation in lotus pond may be integrated, fishpond water may get an improvement by ex-si- tu treatment of lotus pond, and the combination could make water and nutrients contained in fishpond wa- ter recycled.