现代大学制度构建探讨

On the Construction of Modern University System

创建现代大学制度是中国高等教育改革的重要内容,是现代大学发展的重要保障。西方大学制度经历了中世纪大学制度、近现代西方大学制度和二战后西方大学制度三个阶段,形成了学术自由、大学自治、民主管理、兼容并包等精神实质。相比较而言,东方国家现代大学制度存在大学制度同质化、大学理念失落、网络与科技普及化、大学开放与多元、管理数量化等挑战,东方国家现代大学制度建设应把握民族性、开放性、规范性、公正性与思想性等特性。

Being the guarantee for the development of modern universities, the construction of modern university system constitutes one of the most important parts of the higher education reform in China. This essay holds that the university system in western countries, after undergoing the three stages （medieval university system, modern university system and Post World War II university system） , has formed its spirit, comprising academic freedom, university autonomy, democratic management and the principle of pluralism and tolerance. At the background of globalization, modern university system in the Oriental is confionted with challenges, such as homogenization, loss of ideal, technological popularization, diversification and quantization of management. The article proffers that the construction of modern university system ought to lay emphasis on nationality, openness, standard, justice and ideology.