缺血性脑卒中患者颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的超声诊断

Ultrasonic diagnosis on relationship between ischemic stroke patients and carotid artery atherosclerosi

目的：应用超声技术检测缺血脑卒中患者与颈动脉粥样硬化病变的特点及联系，并对好发部位及狭窄程度性质作一分析。方法：应用二维和多普勒血管技术，对50例脑卒中患者，颈动脉内膜—中膜厚度（ IMT）、斑块面积及血流量检测；50例脑卒中患者，合并高血压29例、高血脂15例（6例同时有高血压及高血脂），糖尿病12例。结果：二维超声及多普勒检测结果显示：缺血脑卒中患者，年龄越大、血压越高、血脂越高、血糖越高、病程越长，颈动脉粥样硬化程度越高，狭窄越重。患者血管性病变年龄均在40岁以上。斑块发生部位颈动脉分叉处占整个病例的72％，其他部分占28％。结论：颈动脉超声对脑卒中的预测有非常重要价值和关联，从而为研究动脉粥样硬化的发生和发展，以及采取相应的预防和治疗措施提供了直接的影像学资料。

Objective：To apply the ultrasonic technique to detecting the characteristics as well as the connection between the ischemic stroke patients and the carotid artery atherosclerosis , and to analyze the predilection site along with the nature of the degree of stenosis . Methods：Applying the two-dimensional and Doppler vascular technology to detecting carotid artery intima -media thickness （ IMT） , plaque area and blood flow volume of 50 patients.In these 50 cases, 29 patients with hypertension , 15 cases with high lipids （6 cases with both hypertension and hyperlipidemia ） and 12 cases with diabetes were merged .Results：The two -dimensional ultrasound and Doppler detection showed that the ischemic stroke patients , who were older , with higher blood pressure , blood fat, blood sugar and longer duration, would suffer from higher degree of carotid atherosclerosis along with more severe stenosis .Patients with vascular lesions were aged above 40 years old.Plaque located at the carotid bifurcation area accounted for 72%, and other parts for 28%.Conclusion：Carotid ultrasound should be of great value to the prediction of stroke that also have a strong connection with the former , which provides direct ima-ging data to study the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis and to take the relevant preventive and treatment measures .