教师观察能力的现状及对策研究

The Status Quo of Teachers’ Observation Ability and Solutions

研究者采用事件取样观察法和访谈法,对6名幼儿园教师的观察能力进行研究.结果发现,教师常常不能观察到幼儿的典型行为事件,记录和分析观察事件的能力较薄弱.可能的原因是,幼儿园班级规模过大、师幼比较低,幼儿园教师在职前教育中未接受过关于观察的指导,幼儿园鲜有对教师观察能力的培训等.据此,研究者认为,可以通过适当缩减班级规模、职前教育课程中增设观察指导类课程、开展对教师观察能力的职后培训等途径加以改进.

Adopting observation and interview, the author studied the observation ability of six preschool teachers. The results show that teachers have not observed many events; the ability of record is insufficient and can not make significant analysis. The influential factors include teacher-child ratio, and training of teachers＇ observation ability. It is suggested that class size should be reduced reasonably; the training of teachers＇ observation ability should be strengthened; and the courses of pre-service education should be changed.