高水平速度滑冰运动员赛前心理调控的对策分析

On Countermeasures on Psychological Regulation of High-level Speed Skating Athletes in Pre-race

以2013-2014年度全国速度滑冰冠军赛高水平运动员为研究对象。采用文献资料分析法、专家访谈法、问卷调查法等,对速度滑冰运动员赛前心理状态及其干预措施进行研究。研究发现,高水平速度滑冰运动员赛前心理受主观因素的影响是比较大的。赛前动机不纯,赛前完成任务的焦虑情绪,赛前自信心不足和由于环境的影响带来的焦虑与恐慌,是速度滑冰运动员赛前的不良心理状态表现。针对这些心理因素,给出相应的心理战术干预措施。

Using literature,expert interview,questionnaires and etc.,athletes of high-level in 2013-2014 National Speed Skating Championship as the object of study,their mental state in pre-competition and intervention measures are under review. The results are as following： the athletes＇ pre-game mental state are affected greatly by the subjective factors. The bad mood are impure motives,anxiety and panic in performance and setting,and lack of self-confidence. Wherefrom some suggestions on psychological intervention tactics are put forward.