西安话遇通摄知系字的历史层次

Research on Historical Gradations of Characters Yu(遇),Tong(通),She(摄),and Zhi(知)in Xi'an Dialect

西安话遇通入摄知系字有[pfu]和[tsou]两种异读形式,其形成与历史上金元战乱导致的长安人口重建有关,是由晋南移民方言与长安当地方言接触、叠置而成。根据关中、晋南方言遇通摄知系字读音类型的地理分布和有关历史移民的文献记载,可推断[tsou]为长安本地方言固有的层次,[pfu]为晋南移民带入的外来方言层次。

Pronunciations Yu（遇）,Tong（通）,She（摄）,and Zhi（知）in Xi＇an Dialect have got two variations,which resulted from the population rebuilding because of the wars between Jin and Yuan in history,or,to be precise,the contacting and superimposing of immigrants from southern Shanxi and locals of Chang＇an.Based on the pronunciations of Yu（遇）,Tong（通）,She（摄）,and Zhi（知）in the geographical spreading and documents on immigration in Guanzhong and southern Shanxi,I suppose that [tsou]is inherently the local dialect in Chang＇an,while [pfu]the immigrant dialect from south-ern Shanxi.