梁士纯与20世纪30年代中国宣传学研究——兼论战时新闻学的两条路径

Liang Shichun and the study of propaganda in 1930s China

中日战争压力下,20世纪30年代的宣传学研究颇受瞩目,梁士纯是其中关键人物。1934至1937年,接受美国新闻学教育和实践熏陶的梁士纯担任燕京大学新闻学系主任,他将宣传学纳入新闻学教育课程体系,提倡对宣传现象的系统研究。从梁士纯的宣传研究看,其《实用宣传学》在美国宣传、舆论研究基础上,尝试对宣传活动进行普遍的学理阐释;另一方面,他以宣传的视角解读战时新闻,其价值是将新闻活动与宣传活动切分开来,为新闻事业的专业化取向提供了学理支撑。

Under the pressure of The Second Sino-Japanese War, the study of propaganda won lots of attention. Liang Shichun was a pivot at that time.Having edified by American journalism education and practice between 1934 to 1937, Liang Shichun was appointed as Dean of the journalism Department in Yanjing University.He brought propaganda into the journalism education curriculum system, and advocated studying the phenomena of propaganda in a systemic way .From Liang＇s study of propaganda ,his book Practical Propaganda was based on the study of American propaganda and public opinion ,trying to explain the propaganda activity theoretically.On the other hand,he interpreted the wartime news from the perspective of propaganda,which created great value in parting the journalism activity and propaganda activity ,and also provided theory support for the specialization tendency of journalism.