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埃博拉出血热流行特点、危险因素及控制对策

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摘要 埃博拉出血热是由埃博拉病毒引起的严重急性出血性传染病,主要通过直接接触患者或受感染动物的血液、体液、分泌物及其污染物而感染,病死率可高达90%。临床症状和体征为突发高热、极度乏力、肌肉痛、头痛、咽喉痛,不明原因出血、呕吐,腹泻、皮疹,肾脏和肝脏功能受损。1976年,刚果民主共和国埃博拉河畔和苏丹恩扎拉同时发生的两起暴发疫情中首次发现了埃博拉病毒。2014年,西非地区暴发了史上最大的埃博拉出血热疫情,引起国际社会的极大关注。本文就埃博拉出血热的流行特点、危险因素及控制对策做一简述。
出处 《中华危重症医学杂志(电子版)》 CAS 2014年第6期1-5,共5页 Chinese Journal of Critical Care Medicine:Electronic Edition
基金 浙江省重大科技专项计划项目(2014C03001-1)
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