蚯蚓蛋白水解酶自溶水解蚯蚓工艺及其产物组成特征

The Process of Autolytic Hydrolysis of Protein by Enzymatic Hydrolysis in Earthworm and the Component Characteristics of Its Enzymatic Hydrolysates

通过单因素与正交试验设计L9(34)研究了蚯蚓自身蛋白酶进行自溶水解蚯蚓蛋白的最佳工艺条件,并分析了酶解产物中氨基酸组成特征。结果表明:蚯蚓自身蛋白酶进行自溶水解蚯蚓蛋白的最佳工艺条件为p H6.5、鲜蚯蚓与水重量比为1∶1.5、温度50℃、水解反应时间48 h,在此条件下,100 g鲜蚯蚓酶解的水解液中总氨基酸有10.83 g,其中18种游离必需氨基酸达8.92 g,酶解产物大部分主要由分子量5 000以下的多肽、小分子肽及氨基酸组成,其中300分子量以下的占了88.44%,可见酶解产物中氨基酸含量丰富,组成平衡,具有进一步开发成氨基酸饲料添加剂及其它农用生化产品的潜力。

The optimum enzymatic hydrolysis process by autolytic protease in earthworm was studied through mono-factor analysis and orthogonal test L9（34）.At the same time,the component characteristics of its enzymatic hydrolysates was determined.The results showed：the optimum conditions for the enzymatic hydrolysis process were pH value 7.0,temperature 50 ℃,reaction time 48 hours,the weight ratio of fresh earthworm to water 1 ∶ 1.5.Under such conditions,the content of 18 free necessary amino acids and total amino acid concentration of earthworm enzymatic hydrolysates could reach 8.92 g and 10.83 g per 100 g fresh earthworm,respectively.And the enzymatic hydrolysates of earthworm mainly consisted of polypeptides,small peptides and amino acids and their molecular weights were below 5 000,and the hydrolysis products with molecular weights below 300 took up 88.44% of all the enzymatic hydrolysates.Such results indicated that the types of essential amino acids were plenty and the components of amino acids were in balance in the earthworm enzymatic hydrolysates.Therefore,it suggested that the earthworm enzymatic hydrolysates had the potential to be used to manufacturenew feed additive of amino acid and other agricultural biochemical products.