协同理论视角下少年儿童身体活动影响因素及其作用机制研究

A Synergic Perspective on Factors Affecting Children's Physical Activity and Their Action Mechanism

以协同理论为研究视角,论述构成身体活动系统各影响因素之间的动态作用关系。研究结果表明,动作技能的发展水平对诱发、保持或降低身体活动参与水平具有动态协调作用,是身体活动系统中的序参量。从儿童时期到青少年时期,动作技能与身体活动系统之间的关系处在动态变化之中,主要表现为儿童早期,动作技能与身体活动系统之间的联系不够紧密,到了儿童后期和青少年时期,动作技能与身体活动系统之间的联系逐渐得到加强,而二者之间关系发生的动态变化正是身体活动系统中的其它子系统如感知觉能力、体能及身体形态等重要变量与之相互作用的结果。

This paper draws on the synergy theory and discusses the dynamic relationship between various influen-cing factors in the physical activity system. The results indicate that motor skills play a dynamic coordinating role in inducing,maintaining and lowering physical activity levels,and are the order parameter in the physical activity sys-tem. From childhood to adolescence,the relationship between basic skills and the physical activity system is in dy-namic change,which shows that the link between them is not quite close in early childhood,and that it gradually strengthens by later childhood and adolescence. Perceptual ability,physical fitness and the body shape are among the important variables affecting this dynamic relationship.