基于模糊综合法和海明距离模糊法的水质评价——以海河天津段为例

Water Quality Assessment of Haihe River in Tianjin Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Method and Hamming Distance Fuzzy Method

根据叶绿素a(Chl.a)和总磷(TP)等水质指标的监测值,采用模糊综合法和海明距离模糊法对海河天津段水质进行了富营养化评价.模糊综合法是通过建立模糊矩阵和权向量,利用最大隶属原则进行评价,突出了主要因子对富营养化的影响;海明距离模糊法是通过构建标准化矩阵和权向量,并综合考虑各评价指标的贡献率,利用最小海明距离原则进行评价,具有很高的分辨率.评价结果表明:前者最大隶属值均值为0.522,属于轻富营养状态,偏向于中富营养状态;后者最小海明距离值(D)均值为0.092,5,属于轻富营养状态;后者更适合于评价海河天津段水质.

According to the monitoring value of water quality indicators such as Chl.a and TP, the eutrophication level of the water quality of Haihe River in Tianjin was assessed using fuzzy comprehensive method and hamming distance fuzzy method. Through building fuzzy matrix and fuzzy vector, the fuzzy comprehensive method made assessment by using maxi- mum subordinate principle, giving prominence to the impact of the chief factor on eutrophication. The hamming distance fuzzy method made assessment according to minimum hamming distance principle by building standard matrix and weight vector and by considering the rate of contribution of each evaluation index, having high resolution ratio. The assessment results showed that the former average of maximum subordinate value was 0.522, and the water was at mildly eutrophication level and on the verge of moderate eutrophication level; the latter average of minimum hamming distance value （D） was 0.092 5, and the water was at mild eutrophication level. The latter was more suitable to assess the eutrophication level of Haihe River in Tianjin.