缅甸果敢劳教所劳教人员艾滋病知识知晓情况分析

Analysis about the knowledge awareness of HIV/AIDS prevention and transmission among the prisoners in Kokang Myanmar

[目的]了解缅甸果敢劳教所劳教人员艾滋病知识知晓情况及影响艾滋病知识知晓因素。[方法]利用整群抽样的方法抽取缅甸果敢地区两处劳教所中所有在押的劳教人员作为调查对象。运用现况调查的方法,以问卷的形式进行调查,同时在现场进行HIV快速双试剂检测,阳性者进行实验室检测和确认。数据采用Epidata建立数据库,SPSS17.0统计软件包进行统计学分析。[结果]共调查劳教所劳教人员277人,艾滋病相关知识总知晓率65.8%,三个问题均答对者130人(46.9%),多因素分析显示:劳教人员的文化程度与艾滋病知识知晓程度呈正相关关系(OR值为1.479),入所前一年内是否接受HIV干预服务、入所前是否接受过HIV检测与艾滋病知识的知晓程度呈负相关关系(OR值分别为0.436和0.316)。[结论]缅甸果敢劳教所劳教人员艾滋病知识知晓率普遍较低。应加强在该地区的HIV综合干预服务的宣传力度和覆盖面,同时由于缅甸果敢地区与中国接壤,中国应加大对缅甸果敢地区的卫生资源输出,帮助果敢当地建立覆盖整个地区的卫生服务网络及HIV监测体系,以提高当地人群艾滋病知识知晓率,减少高危行为和艾滋病的传播。

Objective To understand the knowledge awareness of HIV/AIDS prevention and transmission and influence factors among the prisoners in Kokang Myanmar. Methods Took all prisoners as investigation object by cluster sampling method in two jails. Investigated them by inventory survey questionnaire method. Gave them two different kinds of HIV fast test at the same time, the laboratory testing and validation for whom showed HIV positive. Built a database by Epidata, SPSS 17.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. Results Investigated a total of 277 prisoners, the total HIV/AIDS related knowledge awareness was 65.8%, 130 people （46.9%） answered correctly three questions. Multiple factors analysis showed that positive correlativity was between educated prisoners and HIV/AIDS knowledge awareness（OR value was 1.479）. It was negative correlativity among if they accepted HIV intervention services, HIV detection and awareness of HIV/AIDS knowledge before they came in jail（OR values were 0.436 and 0.316）. Conclusions The prisoners’ knowledge awareness of HIV/AIDS in Kokang Myanmar was generally low. Should strengthen HIV comprehensive intervention services in the area of publicity and coverage, because of Kokang Myanmar area is next to Chinese Yunnan province, Chinese government should increase health resources output in Kokang Myanmar, help them to build health service network and HIV monitoring system, improve the knowledge awareness rate of HIV/AIDS to the local people, so as to reduce HIV/AIDS transmission high-risk behavior.