高压电缆故障分析及其状态检测技术

The High Voltage Cable Fault and its Condition Detection Technique

本文按照电缆故障部位和故障性质两种方式将高压电缆故障进行了归类,同时分析了故障形成的原因;总结了常规的电缆状态检测项目,并针对不同类型的故障提出相应的状态检测方法和技术;给出了电缆故障的防范措施。从电缆故障的部位来看,本体故障占很大一部分;就形成原因而言,电缆设备质量问题,设计、施工工艺不良,外力破坏和外部因素是造成电缆故障的三个主因;运行巡检、局放检测、电缆运行温度监测是及早发现电缆缺陷和故障的三种最有效的检测手段。提出了电缆故障的防范措施,应从生产、设计和施工的源头把关电缆的生产和安装过程,同时加强运行巡检并运用合理的电缆状态在线监测技术,以期在电缆故障发生前发现缺陷,减少故障的发生。

The high voltage cable faults are classified by the way of cable fault location and the way of fault character, meanwhile the causes of the formation of faults are analyzed. General testing projects of cable condition are summarized, and the cable condition testing method and technique is contraposed to different types of cable faults. Precautionary measure of cable fault is proposed. From the perspective of the parts of cable fault, fault of the cable ontology accounted for a significant portion; In terms of forming reason, the equipment quality problems, bad design and construction technology,external force damage and the external factor are the three main reasons causing of cable faults; Cable operation inspection, partial discharge test, operation temperature monitoring are three most effective detection means which can early find the cable faults. Put forward the preventive measures of cable fault,production and design process should be strictly controlled. At the same time it should to strengthen the inspection and the on-line monitoring of cable and preventive measures. In this way the defects could be found before they cause cable fault.