湿地植物对水位变化的响应研究进展

Research Progress in Response of Plants in Wetlands to Water Level Change

水文过程是湿地最基本的生态过程。水位变化会对植物的生长发育、竞争关系、植物群落的物种组成、优势度、群落演化乃至整个湿地生态系统产生影响。在全球变化和人类活动的叠加影响下,水位变化会更加强烈,其影响会更加深刻而复杂。从湿地植物生长发育、竞争关系和群落演变对水位变化的响应等方面总结了国内外的研究工作,并从加强水位变化的时空效应模拟、加强竞争作用研究、强化遥感技术在群落演替研究中的应用以及将个体、种群和群落研究相整合四个方面提出了未来研究建议。

Hydrological process is the most essential ecological process in the wetlands.Water level changes can not only affect plant growth,competition,the species composition of community,the relative dominance of species and community evolution,but even influence the structure and functions of the wetland ecosystem.Under the impact of climate changes and human activities,water level changes would be more intensely,and their effects on the plants in the wetlands would be more profoundly and complexly.In this paper,the achievements in the responses of growth,competition and community evolution of plants in the wetlands to the water level changes of the wetlands were summarized,and research suggestions were put forward in future：1the spatial-temporal effects of water level changes on plants in the wetlands should be strengthened through experimental simulation study;2responses of competition between species under controlled water level should be highlighted;3more remote sensing technologies should be applied in the monitoring of the community succession in wetland vegetation;4the response of individual,population and community of plants in the wetland to water level changes should be integrated organically.