少数民族集中连片特困地区劳动力转移探讨——以贵州威宁县为例

The Study of Labor Force Transfer in the Contiguous Destitute Areas in Minority Regions—— A Case Study of Weining County of Guizhou Province

与其他地区相比,少数民族集中连片特困地区的劳动力转移更加困难和迫切。文章选取威宁彝族回族苗族自治县为调研对象,运用田野调查法深入考察了少数民族集中连片特困地区的劳动力转移状况。调查发现,少数民族集中连片特困地区劳动力转移存在转移成本高、人力资本水平低、劳务信息传递不畅、工业化水平低、受困户籍、社保、土地制度等问题。针对这些问题,提出加快"三化"发展、提升医疗和教育水平、完善县乡村三级劳务信息网络平台、建立"三位一体"技能培训系统、改革和完善相关制度的建议。

Compared with other regions,the labor force transfer is more difficult and urgent in the contiguous destitute areas in minority regions. This article chose Weining County as an object,and went deep into the labor force transfer in the contiguous destitute areas by means of the field research. It is found that there exist obstacles in the mobility of labor,such as high transfer cost,low level of human capital,unfavorable labor service messaging,low level of industrialization,constraints of local census register,social security and land system etc. In view of these problems,the article proposes the following measures：accelerating industrialization,agricultural modernization and localization,uplifting medical and education standards, perfecting labor information network platform of the towns,counties and villages,setting up a“three-in-one”skill training system and reforming the relevant regime.