电厂燃煤锅炉颗粒物分段去除效率及成因分析

Subsection Removal Efficiency of Particulate Matter Emitted from Coal-fired Boilers in Power Plants and Cause Analysis

选取某大型发电企业进行实测,根据测试数据计算颗粒物去除装置对颗粒物的分段去除效率。结果表明:静电除尘器除尘效率为99.91%、湿法脱硫装置除尘效率为60.51%、湿法脱硫装置出口相对静电除尘器进口的颗粒物去除效率为99.61%、湿法脱硫装置出口颗粒物浓度是静电除尘器出口颗粒物浓度的4.18倍。此外,也依据计算结果并结合实际情况分析了影响各除尘段颗粒物去除效率的主要成因,这些成因主要包括各除尘段功能、脱硫剂与脱硫副产品的颗粒物、脱硫装置运行平稳性等,期望本研究成果能对电厂燃煤锅炉大气污染控制设施关系调整、重新设计及大气环境污染治理思路调整提供重要科学依据与指导。

A large power plant is selected for testing. According to the test data, subsection removal efficiency of particulate matter （PM） of the removal facilities is calculated. The results show that the removal efficiency of electrostatic precipitator is 99.91% and that of wet desulphurization device is 60.51%. The removal efficiency of PM at the outlet of wet desulfurization device relative to that at the inlet of electrostatic precipitator is 99.61%, and the PM concentration at the outlet of wet desulfurization device is 4.18 times of that at the outlet of electrostatic precipitator. Additionally in this paper, on the basis of the calculation results and actual conditions, the main factors influencing the removal efficiency of each subsection are analyzed, including subsection function, PM of desulfurizer and its by-products, stability of desulfurization unit operation, etc.. It is envisaged that the research results can be taken as an important scientific basis and guidance for relation adjustment and redesigning of the air pollution control facilities of the coal-fired boilers in power plants as well as thought adjustment of air pollution control.