温度对五种沉水植物生长和营养去除效果的影响

Influence of temperature on the growth and nutrient removal of five submerged macrophytes

研究温度对黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)、伊乐藻(Elodea canadensis)、狐尾藻(Myriophyllum spicatum)、苦草(Vallisneria spiralis)和竹叶眼子菜(Potamogeton malaianus)在霍格兰氏水培条件下的生长和营养去除效果的影响。结果表明:温度对五种沉水植物的生长有显著影响。除苦草的最适生长温度为30℃外,其余四种植物的最适生长温度为20℃。五种植物的生长速度有显著性差异,以伊乐藻、竹叶眼子菜、黑藻生长较快。对TP和CODCr的去除率随温度的升高而升高,对NH4-N的去除率除竹叶眼子菜外,呈单峰曲线,去除率最适温度为25℃。五种沉水植物对TP的去除率通常差异不显著;竹叶眼子菜对NH4-N去除率显著低于其他植物(p<0.05),而对CODCr的去除率显著高于其他植物(p<0.05)。

Effect of temperature on the growth and nutrient removal of Hydrilla verticillata, Elodea canadensis, Myriophyllum spicatum, Vallisneria spiralis and Potamogeton malaianus in Hoagland solution was studied. Temperature had significant effect on the growth of five submerged macrophytes. V. spiralis had an optimum growth temperature at about 30 ℃, and the other four species had optimum growth temperatures at about 20 ℃. The growth of five submerged macrophytes had significant difference, with H. verticillata, E.canadensis, and P. malaianus presenting faster growth. The removal rates of TP and CODCr increased gradually with rising temperature. Removal rate of NH4-N generally showed a single-peak curve, and the optimum temperature was 25 ℃. The removal rate of TP was not significantly different among the five submerged macrophytes, but P. malaianus showed a significantly lower（p〈0.05） NH4-N removal rate and a significantly higher（p〈0.05） CODCr removal rate than the other four species.