郑州市PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)中水溶性无机离子的污染特征

Pollution Characteristics of Water-soluble Ions in PM_(2.5) and PM_(10) in Zhengzhou

于2009年10月至2010年8月间采集郑州市大气颗粒物PM2.5与PM10样品,对其质量浓度及水溶性离子进行分析研究.结果表明:PM2.5在秋、冬、春、夏四季的质量浓度的平均值分别为134.9、121.6、77.9和102.0μg/m3,PM10在秋、冬、春、夏四季的质量浓度的平均值分别为193.2、184.0、140.9和140.5μg/m3,日均值超标率分别达77.8%和59%.PM2.5和PM10质量浓度呈现很好的相关性,春季粗粒子在PM10中的比例相对较高,而秋、冬和夏季细粒子是PM10的主要组成部分.主要的水溶性离子是SO2-4、NO-3和NH+4,大部分以(NH4)2SO4和NH4NO3形式存在;NO-3和SO2-4质量比小于1,说明采样期间郑州市大气以固定排放源污染为主.

To investigate the mass concentration and water-soluble components of PM2.5and PM10 in Zhengzhou,PM2. 5and PM10 samples were collected from October 2009 to August 2010 in Zhengzhou.The seasonal average concentrations were 134. 9,121. 6,77. 9 and 102. 0 μg / m^3 in PM2. 5and 193. 2,184. 0,140. 9 and 140. 5 μg / m^3 in PM10,with the over standard rate of 77. 8% and 59% respectively.Good correlation was found on mass concentration between PM2. 5and PM10. Moreover,the main proportions of PM10 were coarse particles in spring and fine particles in autumn,winter and summer. SO4^2-,NO3^-and NH4^＋were the most abundant ions,and existed mainly in the form of ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate. The mass ratio of NO3^-/ SO4^2- 1 indicated that stationary source was the mainly source of atmospheric pollutant in Zhengzhou.