合同转让制度中权利义务责任的平衡观

The Responsibility Assignment of Contract Obligations in the View of Equilibrium System

合同转让包括合同权利的转让与合同义务的转让。合同债权转让不应以通知债务人为生效条件,以出让人与受让人达成转让合意为条件才符合合同法的基本原理,通知债务人是出让人转让债权的附随义务。在债权双重让与时,由于债权请求权属性与物权的不同,无法通过公示制度保护第三人利益,唯有强化受让人的注意义务才有助于实现当事人之间权益的平衡。合同义务的转让主要包括免责的债务承担与并存的债务承担,并存的债务承担在实务中的界定是较难把握的,免责的债务承担第三人承受移转债务负有给付义务。

The assignment of a contract include both the assignment of right and duty. Transfer of the contract creditor＇s rights shouldn＇t be an effective condition for noticing the debtor, which is just an affiliated duty of transfer assignment of creditor＇s rights. It will be accord with the basal principle if the transfer and assignee reach an agreement of assignment. When we assign creditor＇s right in double,because of the difference between claim attribute and property, we can＇t make use of publicity system to protect the interest of the third person. Only if we strengthen the attention duty of the assignee can it contribute to realize the balance of interest between the parties. The transfer of contractual obligations include exempt debt assumption and the coexistence, it＇s difficult to grasp the coexistence of debt assumption limits in practice,the third one of exemption of debt bears the transfer debt.