附条件法律行为之“或然性”问题研究

Research about the Uncertainty Problem of Conditional Juristic Act

在附条件法律行为中,条件的重要特征之一为或然性。我国理论界对条件的或然性存在客观说和主观说的对立。两种观点的分歧在于,既成事实是否可以作为条件。附条件法律行为的制度价值体现在将当事人的行为动机外在化,故应从当事人意思自治角度探讨既成事实条件的可能性和必要性。以意思自治为基础的既成事实条件,只有在当事人双方均不欲从事约定的法律行为时,才丧失其条件的法律意义。

The uncertainty quality is one of the most important features of the condition in a conditional juristic act. There are some divergences on this topic in the theoretical circle. One is the theory of objectiveness and the other is the theory of subjectiveness. What they dispute is whether an exist fact could be a condition in law or not. The value of conditional juristic act is to externalize parties＇ motivation. As for this, it should be discussed under the parties＇ autonomy of will if the-exist-fact condition is possible and necessary. The-exist-fact condition based on the autonomy of will can be meanunless both party lose the willing to do the legal act.