分子生物学技术在按蚊近缘种鉴定的应用进展

Progress of the application of molecular biological techniques in identification of sibling anopheline species

按蚊是传播疟疾等疾病的主要媒介生物,按蚊属包括几个甚至十几个近缘种组成的复合体,某些近缘种之间的形态极其相似,但其生态习性却明显不同,传病能力也有显著差异,因此正确进行蚊种鉴定对疾病预警等非常重要。单纯靠传统的形态学鉴定已不能满足按蚊近缘种和种内变异鉴别的需要,近年来,分子生物学技术在鉴定按蚊近缘种方面已成为研究的热点,本文就PCR技术、DNA探针、RAPD、RFLP、分子标志等分子生物学技术在按蚊近缘种鉴定的应用进展进行综述。

Anopheline mosquitoes are the main vectors for transmission of malaria and other diseases. Anopheline mosquitoes include some complexes consisting of several sibling species. The morphologic features of some sibling species are very similar. However, their ecological habits and vector capacities are distinctly different. So, accurate identification of mosquito species is particularly important to early warning of infectious diseases. The traditional morphological identification method can＇ t meet the requirement of species identification of sibling anopheles and intraspecific variation. In recent years, more and more researches were focused on anopheline species identification using molecular biological techniques. The progress of application of molecular biological techniques such as PCR, DNA probe, RAPD, RFLP, molecular markers, etc. in identification of sibling Anopheline species are summarized in this paper.