上海市杨浦区非沪籍HIV/AIDS病例的发现及临床就诊特征分析

An analysis of case-finding and baseline clinical characteristics in non-Shanghainese HIV/AIDS patients in Yangpu district of Shanghai

目的了解上海市杨浦区非沪籍艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者/艾滋病(AIDS)病人(简称HIV/AIDS病人)的发现和临床就诊行为的特征。方法收集和整理杨浦区历年(2001-2012年)报告的非沪籍HIV/AIDS病人的相关资料,采用回顾队列研究的方法,分析其人口学特征、病例发现方式、临床就诊行为特征。结果非沪籍HIV/AIDS病人中,以男性、青壮年、已婚为主要特征,江苏、安徽、新疆籍病人较多。58.9%(162/275)的非沪籍HIV/AIDS病人在医疗机构就诊时被确诊感染HIV,大多因肺部疾病就诊;71.2%(47/66)的死亡非沪籍HIV/AIDS病人,其发现方式为"其他临床就诊者"。结论应加大对内科门诊(呼吸内科、急诊科、结核科等)就诊病人的HIV抗体筛查力度,同时深入开展艾滋病免费自愿咨询检测(VCT)工作,对于早发现、早治疗HIV/AIDS病人具有积极作用。

Objective To study case-finding and baseline clinical characteristics in non-Shanghainese HIV/AIDS patients in Yangpu district of Shanghai. Methods Information of all non-Shanghainese HIV/AIDS patients reported in Yangpu district recent years （2001-2012） were collected and collated. Demographic characteristics, way of casefinding and medical behavior characteristics were analyzed by the method of retrospective cohort study. Results Most of the non-Shanghainese HIV/AIDS cases were female, young adults and married, coming from Jiangsu, Anhui and Xinjiang provinces. Of all the non-shanghainese HIV/AIDS patients, 58.9% （162/275） were confirmed HIV infection in hospital, and most of them were due to lung diseases. Among the non-shanghainese HIV/AIDS death cases, 71.2% were founded by the way of ＂other clinic visitors＂. Conclusion HIV screening should be enforced in outpatients of internal medicine （such as respiratory, emergency and tuberculosis departments）, and meanwhile VCT should also be enforced, which are positive to find and treat HIV/AIDS patients earlier.