北京市两家三级综合医院医务人员艾滋病职业暴露防护知识调查与影响因素分析

An analysis on knowledge survey of HIV occupational exposure and the influencing factors in medical workers at two tertiary general hospitals in Beijing

目的了解医务人员艾滋病知识以及艾滋病职业防护知识知晓现状,为开展医务人员艾滋病相关培训提供依据。方法采用整群抽样方法,于2013年11月对北京市两家三级综合医院的医务人员进行艾滋病基础知识和职业暴露相关知识知晓情况问的卷调查,分析医务人员艾滋病职业暴露知识的影响因素。结果两家医院共获取有效问卷1077份,对艾滋病职业暴露相关知识知晓率为57.9%（624/1077）,发生职业暴露后伤口处理措施和艾滋病病毒（HIV）职业暴露后抗体检测时间的知晓率分别为29.3%（316/1077）和35.0%（377/1077）。以前接受过艾滋病相关培训、职称、学历、工作年限等因素影响医务人员对艾滋病职业暴露防护知识的了解,其中接受过艾滋病相关培训对知晓率的影响最大[比值比（OR）=2.32,95%可信区间（CI）1.80-2.99]。结论此两家综合医院医务人员的艾滋病职业暴露知识知晓率偏低,应加强对新入职、学历低的医务人员的艾滋病及职业暴露防护知识的相关培训。

Objective To study awareness of knowledge of HIV/AIDS occupational exposure in medical workers and provide the basis for HIV/AIDS related occupational exposure training on medical workers. Methods The medical workers at two general hospitals in Beijing were selected by cluster sampling, and were invited to fill out a questionnaire about HIV/AIDS occupational exposure knowledge in November 2013 to analyze factors influencing aware ness of HIV/AIDS occupational exposure knowledge in medical workers. Results A total of 1077 medical workers were investigated in the study, and the awareness rate of HIV/AIDS occupational exposure knowledge was 57.9 %. （624/1,077） The proportion of knowing ＂how to handle the occupational exposure wound＂ and that of knowing ＂when to detect the HIV antibodies after occupational exposure＂ were 29.3% （316/1,077） and 35. 0% （377/1, 077）, respectively. History of HIV/AIDS related training, job title, education level and working years were factors influencing knowledge of HIV/AIDS occupational exposure, among which history of HIV/AIDS related training was the strongest influencing factor [-aOR （95% CI） is 2.32 （1.80-2.99）1. Conclusion The awareness rate of HIV/ AIDS occupational exposure knowledge was low in medical workers at the two hospitals. More training should be focused on new medical workers and those with low education level.