现代汉语方言“采摘类词”的共时差异及其成因、整合

The synchronic difference about ＂the class of CaiZhai （采摘）＂ and the cause , the unity for the difference

汉语方言中＂采摘类词＂的主导成员数量有限,其差异却相当复杂,具体有成员组合形式多样、时代层级多样、演变度深浅不一、能指所指错位等。这种复杂性的主要根源在于北人南迁的波次浪潮及社会生活习俗的差异,为弥补这些差异,汉语方言采用了＂初级混合＂＂过渡叠加＂＂强势覆盖＂的整合方式,其目的在于形成音义的良好对应,汉语基本词的存在状态多数亦如此。

There are few main members in ＂the class of Cai Zhai （采摘）＂ , but there are many differences, such as the different forms of the composition, the different times, the different degree of the evolution and the different composition of the meaning and the pronunciation. The reason cause that is the different waves of the immigration, in regard to the influence of these difference, Chinese has taken many approaches： ＂primary mixing＂ , ＂transition superposition＂ and ＂mighty coverage＂ , the purpose to do this is to build a perfect balance to the relationship between the meaning and the pronunciation, to the other basic vocabulary, that is going on now.