广义政治经济学思想再探索——基于恩格斯1876-1895年经典文本的研究

Restudy on the Ideals of Generalized Political Economy:Based on Engels' Classic Texts from 1876 to 1895

恩格斯在《反杜林论》中提出的广义政治经济学,在马克思主义经济学思想史上具有特殊意义,但学界研究成果和共识较少。广义政治经济学提出的直接原因是要驳斥杜林的"历史的主要动力是政治因素而非经济因素",但更重要的是要找出人类社会历史演进的一般规律,它与马克思提出的"我的观点是把经济的社会形态的发展理解为一种自然史的过程"的思想相呼应。马克思逝世后,恩格斯在整理《资本论》第二卷和第三卷时,认为马克思的经济学说需要广义政治经济学的补充,但这并不是否定马克思经济学说,而是一种发展。特别地,恩格斯提出以分工作为红线构建广义政治经济学体系,为马克思政治经济学的创新提供了积极的实践意义和价值。

in Anti-Duhring,Engels proposes the political economy in broad sense which is of special importance in the history of Marxist economics.However,there are only a few research findings and consensus in this regard.The immediate cause of proposing the political economy in broad sense is to refute Duhring s opinion, "the major impetus for history is political factors but not economic factors".But more importantly,Engels wants to find the universal law of the historical evaluation of human society.It is relevant to Marx s opinion, "I interpret the development of the social formation of economy as a natural history".After Marx died,when compiling Volume 2 and Volume 3 of Das Kapital,Engels considered that Marxist economic theory needs to be supplemented from the perspective of the political economy in broad sense.It is not a negation but a development.Engels suggests establishing a political economy system in broad sense based on division of labor.It is of positive practical significance and has a great value to innovation of Marxist political economy theory.