水基润滑剂在温挤成形中的应用

Application of water-based lubricant in warm extrusion forming

温挤成形工艺在生产中应用广泛,虽然通过对模具材料的热处理和表面处理技术,提高了模具自身性能,但由于模具长时间处于高温、高压状态,使得模具容易产生磨损和回火现象,严重影响模具的使用寿命。为了解决这个问题,具体分析了几种常用润滑材料的物理特性和润滑性能,针对不同类型润滑剂在不同环境条件下的润滑效果和冷却效果进行了对比研究,得到了水基润滑剂的适用温度范围。其中,水基石墨润滑剂在300~800℃挤压温度范围内,润滑性能可靠,可以使模具表面冷却,实现延长模具的使用寿命的设计构想。

Warm extrusion forming process has been widely applied in production. Even though the performance of die was improved by the heat treatment and the surface treatment of die materials, the die was prone to be worn and cause tempering phenomenon because the die was under the condition of high temperature and pressure for a long time, which would seriously affect the service life of the die. In order to solve this problem, the physical properties and lubrication performances of several kinds of commonly used lubricating materials were analyzed. The lubrication and cooling effect of different lubricants under different environmental conditions were compared, and the suitable temperature range of water-based lubricant was obtained. The lubrication performance of the water-based graphite lubricant is reliable at extrusion temperature ranging from 300 to 800℃, which can cool the surface of the die and realize the design ideas for extending the service life.