2008-2012年石家庄市布鲁杆菌病疫情分析及防治对策

Brucellosis epidemic analysis with prevention and control measures of Shijiazhuang city during 2008-2012

目的掌握石家庄市布鲁杆菌病（简称布病）的流行规律和趋势,为制定预防控制措施提供依据。方法对石家庄市2008-2012年布病疫情网络专报资料和省级监测点的监测数据进行汇总、分析。分析指标包括报告发病率,患者的职业、发病时间、地区分布情况,以及重点人群血检阳性率情况等。结果 5年间,石家庄市累计报告布病病例676例,年报告发病率分别为0.96/10万、1.18/10万、1.25/10万、1.54/10万、2.17/10万;病例主要分布在井陉、平山、赞皇、行唐、灵寿、鹿泉和元氏等山区和半山区畜牧养殖较发达地区;流行高峰多集中在3～8月份;发病主要以牛、羊养殖人员和农民为主,分别占总发病的40.53%和45.27%;5年间,血检阳性率分别为7.59%、4.23%、2.47%、12.39%、4.64%。结论石家庄市布病发病率呈逐年上升趋势,今后应采取以畜间检疫、免疫、淘汰病畜为主,人间开展健康教育和健康行为干预为辅的综合防控措施,有效控制布病疫情。

Objective To understand the epidemiologic characteristics and the trend of brucellosis in Shijiazhuang city,and provide the evidence for formulating prevention and control measures. Methods The data from Brucellosis epidemic network exclusive report resources and provincial sentinel were collected and analyzed to describe the reported incidence. Analyzed indicators including the occupation,disease time,region distribution,and the positive rate of blood among the focus groups. Results During the 5 years,676 brucellosis cases were reported accumulatively in Shijiazhuang city,the annual reported incidence was 0. 96 /100000,1. 18 /100000,1. 25 /100000,1. 54 /100000,and 2. 17 /100000 respectively; Most brucellosis cases were from mountainous areas and mid mountainous areas such as Jingxing county,Pingshan county,Zanhuang county,Xingtang county,Lingshou county,Luquan county and Yuanshi county; The incidence mainly peaked in March- August; Most brucellosis cases were from the cattle and sheep farmers,the incidence of the former was 40. 53%,while the latter was 45. 27%; During the 5 years,the positive rate of blood test was7. 59%,4. 23%,2. 47%,12. 39% and 4. 64% respectively. Conclusions The incidence rate of brucellosis in Shijiazhuang increases yearly,comprehensive measures include quarantines for livestock,immunization,sick livestock eliminated,and health education and health behavior intervention for human beings should be taken,to control brucellosis epidemic effectively.