3种海捕虾肌肉营养成分分析与品质评价

Analysis and quality evaluation of nutrition in the muscle of three kinds of marine shrimps

对3种海捕虾的肌肉进行较全面的营养分析和评价。结果表明：基本营养成分中的水分和粗蛋白的含量差异显著（P〈0.05）;哈氏仿对虾的粗蛋白和灰分含量较高,日本对虾的含肉率较高,中华管鞭虾的水分和粗脂肪含量较高;虾肌肉氨基酸总量为78.39%-87.62%,必需氨基酸指数（EAAI）分别为82.01、83.29和82.39;不饱和脂肪酸含量占脂肪总量的54.29%-58.11%,EPA和DHA总量分别为23.54%、22.26%和26.53%,ω-6多不饱和脂肪酸与ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸的比值分别为0.72、0.66和0.85。另外,虾肌肉还富含多种常量元素及微量元素,且有毒有害元素含量未超标。因此,3种虾都具有较高的营养价值。

In this paper, the nutritional composition in the muscle of three kinds of marine shrimps were compre- hensively analyzed. The result showed that： the general nutrition constituents showed significant differences in the moisture and crude protein contents （P 〈 0.05 ）. The crude protein and ash contents of Parapenaeopsis hardwickii were higher, the rate of flesh content of Penaeus japonicus was higher, the moisture and crude fat contents of Solenocera cras- sicornis were higher. The total content of amino acids was 78. 39% - 87.62% , the essential amino acids index （EAAI） were 82.01, 83.29 and 82.39 respectively. The content （of total fatty acid） of unsaturated fatty acids was 54.29% - 58.11% ,in which the content of EPA ＋ DHA was 23.54% ,22.26% and 26.53 % respectively. The ratio of ω-6/ω-3 of three kinds of marine shrimps were 0.72,0.66 and 0.85. In addition, the muscle of marine shrimps contained abundant macro elements and micro elements. However, the certain hazardous substances of three kinds of marine shrimps were lower than the standard. Therefore, the nutritional quality of three kinds of marine shrimps are higher.