永顺颗砂贡米香气成分的气相色谱-质谱分析

GC-MS Analysis of Aroma Compounds of Kesha Tribute Rice from Yongshun

以怀化芷江米和桃花香米为对照,采用水蒸气蒸馏提取、气相色谱-质谱联用技术对颗砂贡米香气成分进行分析。结果发现,从颗砂贡米、桃花香米、芷江米中分别鉴定出33、31、40种挥发性成分。在颗砂贡米中,对米饭香气的形成贡献较大的醛类(24.23%)、酸类(6.64%)、杂环类(6.35%)及醇类(6.19%)的相对含量均高于桃花香米与芷江米。颗砂贡米中主要的呈香物质是E-2-壬烯醛(17.77%)、正己醇(4.82%)、5-乙基二氢-2(3H)呋喃酮(3.39%)、正十一醛(1.66%)、(E,E)-2,4-癸二烯醛(1.19%)、(E,E)-2,4-壬二烯醛(1.55%)、3-壬烯-2-酮(0.94%)、2-壬醇(0.94%),其相对含量均高于桃花香米、芷江米,说明颗砂贡米含有丰富的香味物质,是一种潜在的优质水稻资源。

Aroma components in Kesha tribute rice from Yongshun,South China＇s Hunan province were extracted by steam distillation method and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）,and the results were compared with those for Taohua aromatic rice and Zhijiang rice.A total of 33 volatile components were identified in Kesha tribute rice,and 31 in Taohua aromatic rice,and 40 in Zhijiang rice,respectively.Aroma-active aldehydes （24.23％）,acids （6.64％）,feterocyclic acids （6.35％） and alcohols （6.19％） in Kesha tribut-rice were more abundant than in two other kinds of rice.The major aroma compounds extracted from Kesha tribute rice were （E）-2-nonenalall （17.77％）,1-hexanol （4.82％）,5-ethyldihydro-2（3H）-furanone （3.39％）,undecanal （1.66％）,（E,E）-2,4-nonadienal （1.19％）,（E,E）-2,4-decadienal （1.55％）,3-nonan-2-one （0.94％） and 2-nonanol （0.94％）,all of which were higher than in Taohua aromatic rice and Zhijiang rice.These results indicate that a larger number of aroma compounds exist in Kesha tribute rice.