竹叶青酒易挥发成分顶空固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱分析

Analysis of Volatile Compounds in Zhuyeqing Liquor by Headspace Solid Phase Microext raction and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

采用顶空固相微萃取技术对竹叶青酒中易挥发成分进行富集,采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对其化学组成进行分离及结构鉴定,并对其来源、保健功效进行探讨。通过考察萃取头、萃取时间、平衡及萃取温度、加盐量对萃取效果的影响,确定最佳条件为:8.0 mL酒样置于20 mL顶空瓶中,NaCl质量浓度为0.20 g/mL,在70℃条件下搅拌平衡45 min,用50/30μm DVB/CAR/PDMS萃取头,在70℃条件下萃取45 min;在此条件下共分离得到65种化合物,确定结构56种,占总易挥发成分总量的98.16%。其中26种来自基酒(配制用白酒),另外30种来自其配制所用药材,来自药材的主要成分有:D-柠檬烯、丁香酚、石竹烯、樟脑、龙脑、莰烯、乙酸龙脑酯、α-檀香醇、古巴烯等,占总易挥发成分总量的31.63%,虽然含量相对较低,但却赋予了竹叶青酒独特的香味及一定的保健功效。

The volatile compounds in Zhuyeqing liquor were extracted and enriched by head space-solid phase microextraction （HS-SPME） and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）.The sources and health functions of the compounds were discussed.At the same time,the effects of SPME fiber type,extraction time,equilibrium and extraction temperatures and salt dosage on the extraction efficiency of volatile compounds were evaluated.The best condition was 8.0 mL of sample in a 20-mL headspace glass vial in the presence of 0.20 g/mL salt equilibrated with stirring at 70 ℃ for 45 min before extraction using a 50/30 μm DVB/CAR/PDMS fiber at 70 ℃ for 45 min.Under this condition,a total of 65 compounds were isolated,56 of which were identified structurally,together accounting for 98.16％ of the total volatile substances.Twenty-six of these identified compounds came from the base liquor （compound wine）,and the others came from the traditional Chinese medicines in Zhuyeqing liquor.The major components were D-limonene,eugenol,caryophyllene,camphol,borneol,camphene,borneol acetate,alpha-santaiol,and copaene,totally accounting for 31.63％ of the total volatile components.Despite their relatively low contents,these volatile compounds derived from traditional Chinese medicines provided Zhuyeqing liquor with a unique fragrance and health functions.