基于单根I/O虚拟化的多根I/O资源池化方法

A Multi-Root I/O Resource Pooling Method Based on Single-Root I/O Virtualization

虚拟化技术在为现代数据中心提供高效的服务器整合能力和灵活的应用部署能力的同时,也对数据中心服务器的I/O系统设计提出了新的需求,现有I/O资源与服务器紧密绑定的I/O体系架构将产生成本上升、资源冗余、I/O连线复杂化等一系列问题.针对上述问题,提出了一种基于单根I/O虚拟化协议(single root I/O virtualization,SR-IOV)的多根I/O资源池化方法:基于硬件的多根域间地址和ID映射机制,实现了多个物理服务器对同一I/O设备的共享复用,有效减少单体服务器所需的设备数量和连线数量,并进一步提高服务器密度;同时提出虚拟I/O设备热插拔技术和多根共享管理机制,实现了虚拟I/O资源在服务器间的实时动态分配,提高资源的利用效率.提出的方法在可编程逻辑器件(fieid-programmable gate array,FPGA)原型系统中进行了验证,其评测表明,方法能够在实现多根I/O虚拟化共享的同时,保证各个根节点服务器获得近乎本地直连设备的I/O性能.

Virtualization offers data center with efficient server consolidation and flexible application deployment, but it requires data center servers improve their I/O devices to get with the needs of virtualization, and to make up the performance degradation brought by device virtual sharing between virtual machines. These changes bring the redundancy of I/O devices for each server under current I/O architecture, increase the cost of data center infrastructure and add more I/O cables between servers. To solve these problems, we design and implement a SRIOV-based multi-root I/O resource pooling method. Through a hardware-based PCIe ID remapping and address remapping technology, virtual functions in the same SR-IOV I/O devices can be shared among different physical servers, which efficiently reduces the redundancy of I/O resources under virtualization environment. We also adopt a hotplug based virtual I/O device allocation method to dynamically adjust resources between servers for increasing resource utilization. Experiments prove our design does can provides functions mentioned above and maintain server I/O performance as it using directly-attached devices.