钨、镍组合及钨镍合金的辐射屏蔽性能模拟

Simulation study on radiation shielding capability of tungsten nickel combination and their alloys

核救灾机器人对核事故现场救援和灾后处理具有重要意义,而核救灾机器人的电子器件易因受γ射线照射而失效,材料屏蔽的方法可提高电子器件的耐辐射性能。本文综合考察了Ni-W、W-Ni及钨镍合金三种复合结构模型的屏蔽性能。采用蒙特卡罗方法分别计算了不同材料厚度、元素体积比和屏蔽层数下三种模型的γ射线透射能谱。结果发现:采用Ni-W或钨镍合金方式的屏蔽效果较好,特别是在低能范围(0-0.6 Me V)优势更加明显。钨含量增加后三种模型的屏蔽结果趋近。同时,层数变化和辐照源为单向面源或单向点源对屏蔽结果影响不大。

Background： Nuclear disaster rescue robots are of earnest desire for on-site rescue and post processing. The electronic devices of robots are quite sensible to operation condition, which could be suddenly destroyed by the γ-ray. Shielding is one of the effective methods that can enhance the anti-radiation properties of the protected content. Purpose： This paper sets up three types of combination models, W-Ni, Ni-W and their alloys, aiming at the protection effect towards γ-ray. Methods： The transmission and energy spectrum under γ-ray were simulated on the models with various thicknesses, W：Ni volume ratios and layer numbers based on Monte Carlo method. Results and Conclusion： Ni-W and alloys showed better shielding performance than the W-Ni, especially at short wave range （0-0.6 MeV）. The increase of W amount weakened the difference among the three models. Less variation was found with layer numbers and the unidirectional disc source or point one.