科学共同体实现公共责任的途径选择分析

The analysis on approaches of scientific community achieving public accountability

在科学活动过程中,科学共同体不仅要面临来自同行之间的各种权力冲突还要面对来自外界的权力冲突,这种活动已经不仅仅是智力或认知过程,而成为了一种利益竞争和政治过程,如何防止一些科学技术精英利用自身的话语权谋求个人利益一直是科研管理领域的重要问题。当代西方民主理论认为公共责任是遏制权力滥用、实现政府善治的有效途径,通过引入政治学和公共行政领域的公共责任理论,分析科学共同体公共责任的定义及表现形式,并从法律、政治、治理和伦理方面探讨了使其实现公共责任的途径,以期为公众提供更好的科学技术服务。

In the process of scientific activities,the scientific community is not only faced with all the power conflicts between peers,also with the ones from the outside,which is not simply the intellectual or cognitive process,but a kind of profits competing and political process.How to prevent some scientific elites use their discourse power to pursue personal benefits has become a common concern for the current management of science and technology.Contemporary democratic theorists believe that public accountability is an effective way to curb the abuse of power and achieve good governance.Therefore,it is introduced public accountability theory in the field of political science and public administration into this study,the definition and kinds of public accountability of scientific community are deeply analyzed,and the approaches to achieve the public accountability are put forward from aspects of the law,politics,governance,ethics,so as to provide better science and technology services to the public.