后发企业全球研发系统架构的设计规则——基于多案例比较的研发“走出去”过程研究

Design rules of latecomer firms' global R&D system architecture:a process research of R&D going out based on multiple case comparison analysis

研发走出去已成为中国企业技术追赶的重要战略选择。建立面向全球的跨边界研发系统,需要协调好组织内外部的网络关系,合理设计其架构构建路径和方式。本文基于架构理论视角,通过探索性的多案例研究,分析在技术差距和制度差距的影响下,实施研发走出去战略的后发企业应当如何设计并建立组织架构和技术架构,从而获得全球研发系统构建与完善的最优解。根据案例研究结果,本文归纳了四种不同的技术架构和组织架构的模块性实现路径,深入探讨了目标选择、系统组建步骤和协调策略三个方面的全球研发系统构建的设计规则,为进行技术追赶的中国企业提供理论参考与实践启示。

R＆D going out has already become a vital strategy for Chinese firms to realize technology catching-up.In order to establish a global R＆D system,latecomer enterprises must coordinate multiple relationships between internal and external network,then design appropriate paths and approaches of conducting architecture.Based on the perspective of architecture theory,this paper used multiple case studies and cross-case comparison to analyze that,under the influence of technological gap and institutional gap,how enterprises should design and construct technological and organizational architecture,then to find out the optimal path to establish and consummate global R＆D system.Based on case studies,this paper generalized different types of paths of technological and organizational architec ture building,analyzed the matching and interaction mechanisms between them,and then discussed the design rules of strategy choice,constructing procedure and coordinating technique during R＆D going out,in order to provide practical guidance and enlightenment for Chinese enterprises.