光学测量限制对发射窗口的影响分析与仿真

Analysis and Simulation of Launching Window with Optical Measurement Constraints

针对运载火箭发射航天器时的发射窗口计算问题,从光学设备跟踪测量的角度出发,分析指出在光学测量设备系统本身性能固定、航天器目标特性固定的条件下,窗口计算需要尽量考虑与设备清晰成像和作用距离相关的一些因素,提出重点判断天光限制、地影限制、大气折射限制、太阳高低角限制、太阳夹角限制、月亮夹角限制、目标发光强度限制7个具体条件,建立了以天光地影限制模型、视场限制模型、作用距离限制模型为核心的发射窗口计算模型,给出了工程中应用的计算流程,仿真分析了发射窗口变化规律,以及测站位置和目标高度等典型参数对窗口的影响,并对多限制因素下的窗口计算给出了具体算例,计算结果与应用情况表明,窗口计算模型正确,可以作为实际工程应用的参考。

It is chiefly concerned with the spacecraft launching window estimation with optical measurement constrains. It is proposed that the window estimation should consider the factors relating to optical imaging and operating range on condition that optical measurement system performance and spacecraft reflective signature was given. Those factors included sky brightness, shadow, atmospheric refraction, object illumination intensity, etc. The estimation model of the factors was established, and the calculation flow was proposed. Launching window changing trend and factor effects was analyzed. Examples were brought out under multiple restrictions. The result indicates that the estimation models are accurate and can contribute to spacecraft launch application.