越冬蜂群调温机理仿真

Thermoregulating Simulation of Overwintering Bee Clusters

蜜蜂能够自组织地通过新陈代谢和调整蜂群分布等行为来调节蜂巢的温度。以蜜蜂智能体及蜂巢内温度场为仿真对象,研究不同蜂群规模、初始环境温度以及蜜蜂个体的移动规则对越冬期蜂群调温机制的影响,揭示其内在机理。模拟结果显示,在蜂群调温过程中,其宏观分布变化遵循"水滴形——饼形——环形"的规律;蜜蜂的数量越多,则蜂巢的中心温度越高,且蜂群调控温度的时间越长;初始环境温度与蜂巢内部的平均温度及蜂群调温过程耗时皆呈负相关关系。

Honey bee can thermoregulate by metabolism and adjusting the distribution of bee cluster. The study about the influence of different size of cluster, initial environmental temperature and move rules of individual bee on thermoregulating overwintering bee clusters was performed, taking the honey bee agents and temperature field of beehive as the simulation objects, in order to disclose the internal mechanism. The simulation results show that the macroscopic distribution variation matches the regular pattern of ＂droplet clusters-disc clusters-ring clusters＂, in the process of thermoregualting. The more honey bees are, the higher central temperature of beehive is, and the longer time it takes. Besides, the initial environmental temperature is significant negative correlated with average temperature of beehive and simulation time.