基于仿真分析的直升机飞行员下腰痛研究

Research of Pilot Low Back Pain Based on Simulation

针对当前直升机飞行员下腰痛研究缺少相关生物力学分析的问题,采用Any Body模型系统构建了"座椅-人-操纵装置"人机交互模型,以操纵脚蹬为例,利用逆向动力学对人体颈部、肩部、腹部、大腿及小腿等五个主要受力部位的肌肉群平均肌肉活动水平和腰椎L4-L5之间的压力进行了仿真分析,结果表明,座椅靠背倾角、座椅前后调整距离、座垫摩擦系数和腰靠等相关座椅参数对肌肉活动水平和L4-L5之间的压力具有不同程度的影响,导致腰痛的产生,在研究结果和相关参考文献的基础上,初步建立了下腰痛函数,为直升机座椅优化,减少飞行员下腰痛的发生提供了一种新的方法。

Research on biomechanics of pilot low back pain was scrimpy from reference case. A “seat-human-operation ” model was created with the help of AnyBody Modeling System. Then the largest values of the average muscle activity of neck muscles groups, shoulders muscle groups, abdomen muscle groups, thigh muscle groups, lower leg muscle groups and the intradiscal L4-L5 compressive forces were simulated using the inverse-dynamics approach. The results demonstrate that there was a close relationship between pilot low back pain and backrest, seat-Pan, friction coefficient as well as lumbar support. A preliminary function of pilot low back pain was constructed in accordance with the findings obtained in the present work as well as the findings reported in the open literature. The result could be as a new method to ease low back pain through optimizing helicopter seat.