《诗经·周颂·执竞》主旨再探讨

Rediscussion of the Subject of “Zhijing Poem” in the Book of Songs

《执竞》是《诗经·周颂》中的一首祭祖诗。从诗歌文本及周初历史史实来看,《执竞》诗当为"三王并祭"之诗。其诗反映的祭礼,参证甲骨卜辞、金文,"禘"祭在周代当是祭祀先祖的礼仪,有独祭、合祭,其中便有"三王合祭"的祭礼,这与《诗经·周颂·执竞》内容相合。因此,综合诗歌文本、周初历史背景及禘祭礼仪考察,《诗经·周颂·执竞》当是反映"禘祭三王"的诗歌。

Zhijing is a forefather-worship poem of the Book of Songs. There are two statements about the subject of Zhijing： one is the description of the rite about the king of Wu, the other is the description of the rite about three kings. Through comparative analysis to the content of Zhijing poem and the Rite of Di, the author thinks that Zhijing is a poem which describes the Rite of Di to three kings.