蘑菇培养土生物炭堆肥化利用及其对水稻生长的影响

Influence of Biochar from Spent Mushroom Substrate on Properties of Pig Manure Compost and Rice Growth

为尝试将蘑菇培养土制成生物炭来改善生物肥料的品质,重点考察了添加蘑菇培养土生物炭对猪粪堆肥的物化特性影响。结果表明:在500℃下热解制备的蘑菇培养土生物炭分别以0%、5%、10%、15%(W/W)的比例与猪粪混合堆肥后,显著降低了堆肥的电导率、初始含水率和有机物的损失量;堆肥中Ca与K的含量与添加生物炭没有太大的相关性,N的含量与生物炭添加比例具有很好的正相关性,P与Mg的改变量则随着生物炭添加比例的增加呈现下降趋势。水稻栽培实验结果表明施用生物炭能有效促进水稻生长,稻穗(干重)最多可增产49%。

Spent mushroom substrate（SMS）, a bulky waste byproduct of commercial mushroom industry, has caused environmental pollu-tion. In this work, biochar derived from SMS was added to pig manure at a rate of 0, 5%, 10% and 15%（W/W）to investigate its effects on the physic-chemical properties of pig manure during composting and rice growth. Adding SMS-derived biochar significantly reduced elec-trical conductivity, initial moisture content and organic matter loss of the compost. The biochar additions significantly increased the N con-centrations in the compost, but had no obvious effects on the concentrations of Ca and K. The concentrations of P and Mg in the fertilizer in-creased as compared to the control, but the increments decreased with increasing amount of the biochar. Applying SMS-derived biochar ef-fectively promoted rice growth and increased the grain yield by 49% at 5% biochar.